In 1940s, Why Many Were Born Before 10 June !

“What is your son’s birth date?” the clerk at the primary school asked my uncle who took me there for admissions in 1950. My uncle was caught unaware.  He never expected to face this question for getting me admitted to school!

I was born at home with the help of Akkamma, an experienced daima (mid-wife) who was devoted to our family for pre and post natal needs. There was no system of celebrating ‘Happy Birthdays’ during those days!  So, parents never bothered to remember the actual birth date of their child!

If I had to check with my Mother for anyone’s birthday in the family, she would quote an incident which happened a few days prior or after the specific birth.  I really appreciate their memories. The deliveries very rarely  in hospitals.  They were mostly at home with the help of daima.   Hence there were no official records. Only a lucky few could afford to wear a wristwatch at that time.  Therefore even the accuracy of the exact time was questionable.

Then how come we all have birth dates? Oh, and even the exact time of birth! In this entire loop, at least in my case, there was one individual who played an important role in determining my actual birth date.

In business communities, the 6 feet long red colour cloth bound bahi-khaatas (books of accounts) were maintained by the family muneems (accountants).  Whenever there was a new arrival in the family, he made a note at the top of that day’s journal “wife of Mr. so-and-so delivered a baby boy/girl at such-and-such time.”

The time noted was as given by the family members.  That became the basis for preparing janam and lagna kundalis (birth and marriage horoscopes) by the Pandits (priests). These were usually prepared years later, as and when the necessity arose.  Else there was no need to remember the birth date.

Therefore, when most unexpectedly the guardian of a child is asked for a birth date, one does not expect to get an answer on the spot.  Even if the guardian knew, there are some other internal and external limitations which needed to be considered.

There were no pre-KG or KG classes then.  For admission to the 1st standard in a primary school, the student had to complete 5 years of age as on 10th June of the year of admission.  If someone was born on 11th June or later, he would lose one year in school as that year was not counted for admission age of 5 years.

And there were other factors too!  An auspicious day was selected for getting admission to school. There was a belief that once you go for a good cause, it was inauspicious to return without having completed the job.  Hence, once you were at the school for admission, there was reluctance to go back home to find the actual birth date.

Even if he wanted to, he would have to trace the books of accounts of five years back, look through each and every day’s notes around the approximate date of birth. A tedious task indeed.

Further, parents considered it an honour to have their child admitted to a school.  It didn’t matter if the age was a couple of months short; the repercussions in the future were not considered seriously in those days.

The school authorities were interested in as many admissions as possible, so that they coult earn enough.   A date which proves completion of 5 years would do.  The parents were conveniently advised to give a date between 1st and 9th of June (of 5 years back) so that the child could be considered as having completed 5 years of age!

Not surprisingly, a good part of the population at that time was born just before 10th June!

Written By: Badri Baldawa

Edited By : Meeta Kabra

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Best Marketing Guru

“Look, shops open at 9 in the morning and it’s fine if we leave for airport at 10 to catch the scheduled flight tomorrow.  We have that one hour.  Let us try to meet some buyers”. I had a quick talk with my agent in Riyadh late in the night.

I was on one of my business visits to Saudi Arabia in 1988.  As usual my trip was very hectic trying to book orders for my normal product range. I was to return to India the next day morning.  At night while I packed, I realised I had samples of a new product, stainless steel glasses, which I had forgotten to explore till then on that trip.

The agent said, “Normally 9am is the time when the shop owners (importers) discuss the previous day’s progress with their salesmen and make their marketing plans for the day. It is too early in the morning for them to discuss purchases.  We could pursue that business on your next trip.”

I said, ” never mind, if we are able to meet one or two buyers, we will get an idea about that line of business.  No harm. Atleast we will get prepared better for the next trip”.   He agreed “Ok, let us take a chance”

We left in time to catch as many importers as possible.  The first one was not prepared to discuss purchases at that time, as expected.

We went to the second Saudi buyer.  He was busy cleaning and setting his table right, and on our offering the stainless steel glasses, he very casually asked,

He: What price?

Me: 72gms a piece, 7.5 cm dia, 2dz to inner and 12 inners/ctn, non-magnetic stainless steel, 90 days L/C though we may ship in 60 days, $3.75 a dozen

He was still busy cleaning his table, duster in his hand.  He said casually, not even looking at us, “$3.50”

Me: No, 3.50 is slightly below my cost.  Can’t go below $3.75.

He said firmly: $ 3.50…. pause..….. I could have started with $3.00 and you would have given at $3.50.   But I don’t waste time.  You are the first one I am seeing this morning, hence don’t want to disappoint you nor get disappointed.  If no $3.50, then no interest”

Me: Quantity?

He: One container.

I was expecting the first order to be around 5,000 dz.  One container equaled 24,000 doz.  For this quantity, I would save some freight and other expenses and my cost would be around $3.50.

Me: Fine. Accepted. We want to start business with you so that you can test our quality of product and services!

He: Proforma banao. Usme Bank details mauzood.  Bank L/C details bukra mazboothan. (Make the proforma with your bank details, I’ll arrange and advise you the Letter of Credit details by tomorrow).

I prepared a proforma invoice for US$.84,000.  He signed and said in Urdu-Arabic to mean, “Without knowing you, I have placed an order because somehow I felt you are genuine.  But make sure you surely dispatch and ship right quality.  Don’t let down my judgment”

We concluded the deal and I left for the airport.

By the time I reached Mumbai, the cost of raw material had reduced by about 2%.  By the time I exported the goods, the exchange rate went 6% in my favour.  By the time I completed the order, I had made a decent saving of about 10%.  The value per container was high and the profit margin for this product ultimately turned out to be quite satisfactory.  I was tempted to expand my product range to stainless steel housewares!

After executing the order, when I met the same customer on my next visit, I was curious to know what made him place the order with me without knowing of me.  His reasons were interesting.

He said something to the effect that, “We have 3 major problems when we place orders with exporters from India.

One, they normally give a price and sometimes show a sample.  Intentionally, they do not give full details of the products unless we specifically ask for each of the details.  They try to keep an escape route ready for them.  In case, later, if the cost goes up, they compromise on the details missed out, and give an inferior, smaller or cheaper product.

Two, when we tie them down in the L/C with all specifications, in many cases they opt not to ship at all when the cost goes up.

Three, when the price increases, they divert the order to our competitors at a higher price. They might supply to us later when they have excess stocks.   Sometimes they even fail to supply which is a double loss to us as we lose our customers to the competitor to whom they supplied products meant for us.

But in your case, while quoting the price, on your own, you gave all the details of weight, size, packing, grade, delivery and price which I needed, without my asking for it.  This built my confidence that you are honest.  So, I took a chance and placed the order with you!”

I was completely got carried away by his reasons!  It enlightened me “If I could take care of these worries of the customers, it would make a difference to my business”.  I made these as guide lines.  Never did I compromise in quality.  Never did I fail to supply.  Never did I tried to take advantage of the situation.  It worked.   It gave satisfaction to both, me and my customers.  Within 2-3 years, we had around 60% of the Saudi Arabian market in stainless steel housewares!

I thank the customer, who was my best Marketing Guru

Experienced and Written By: Badri Baldawa

Edited By : Meeta Kabra

Every Activity Has Inbuilt Opportunity – Explore !

“Badri, we need stainless steel utensils in bulk for Bellary’s Ganesh Temple. They are produced and marketed in Bombay. If I come to Bombay, can we get reliable quality at competitive prices?” This was a call I received in 1988 from my cousin, Bhagwandas who stayed in Bellary, my home town. I had moved out of Bellary twenty-three years before that.  We were all very active in maintaining our town temple and celebrating traditional functions at the temple.

The stainless steel dining and serving dishes were required on dinners organized during festivals.  The temple’s hall was also rented out for wedding and other functions. Having dinner sets ready for such occasions would attract more people to have their family celebrations at the temple, thereby increasing the funds available for the upkeep of the temple.

“It would be a pleasure.  Though I don’t know anyone in the stainless steel trade, I will get some contacts by the time you come next week,” I said.

At this time, I was settled in Mumbai and running a business in exports.  We were merchant exporters, mainly dealing with spices and imitation jewelry.  Dubai and Saudi Arabia were our main markets then.

I contacted a neighbour who I knew was in the steel business.  It turned out that he was dealing in steel products used in the construction industry and not in houseware.  But he introduced me to Mr. Vishnu Goyal (Goyalji), who was a manufacturer of stainless steel glasses and had his wholesale outlet at C P Tank in Mumbai.

I visited Goyalji with my cousin.  Since the products were for a temple, he volunteered to supply his products at cost and to arrange for other items from reliable sources at a competitive price.  In no time, he arranged for everything.  In fact, while I was discussing how to pack and dispatch the utensils to Bellary, he overheard the conversation and asked me to give him the address. He’d get them packed properly to avoid damage in transit and send them over.

We were relaxed and happy with the purchase.  It went out smoothly and was quick too! It was a time to celebrate!  We were offered biscuits and tea. As the trend prevails in the market, it was just half of a tiniest cup!  We had to ask for more!  Tea and biscuits go well with small talk and we had a casual chat.

He: Baldawaji, what do you do?

Me: I am a Chartered Accountant, but I don’t practice.  I am in export business.

He: Oh, Bahut Achhaa! Where do you export?

Me: Middle East – UAE and Saudi

He: Are Wah!  Even steel glasses are exported in large quantities.  Why not try?

Me: Goyalji, it is not in my range of products; but I will let you know if it interests me.

When we were about to leave, Goyalji gave me six glasses with specs and said, “These are the ones which were being exported there.  Please keep them with you in case you decide to carry these as samples on your next overseas visit.  Price is xx per kg.”  I accepted the glasses, hesitatingly, as he was giving them free of cost.

I had a suitcase in the office to collect samples of new exportable products as and when I got them.  I worked the pricing on a cost sheet and dropped those glasses in the suitcase.   Later this business developed to the extent that we had almost 60% of Saudi Arabian market.  An opportunity sent by Lord Ganesha, when explored, proved to be one of the Turning points in my career.

Lesson learnt:  Every activity has inbuilt opportunities.  Look for them and Explore!

Experienced and Written By: Badri Baldawa

Edited By : Meeta Kabra